Animal Body- Levels of Structural Organization (General Concepts of Zoology)
Animal Body-Q: What is body organization?
Ans: This is about:
- how many cells are present in an animal body? Single and multicellular animals
- Whether the nucleus is present or absent? Prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
- How many different types of multicellular animals are living on the Earth? Colonial (Porifera) and individual animals (Coelenterata to Chordata).
- Do the individual animals have the same tissues and organ development? No. Tissue level and Organ level organization.
- How many embryonic germ layers are present in the embryo after gastrulation? Two- Diploblastic (Coelenterates), Three- Triploblastic (Platyheminthes to Chordates).
- Does the gut formation of embryonic development is same in all multi-cellular animals? No. Protostomes (Annelida, Arthropods & Mollusca), deuterostomes (Echinodermata, hemi-Chordata and Chprdatea).
- Where do the internal organs located in multicellular animals? Coelomic fluid in the Coelom
- Do all multicellular animals have the same coelom development? No. There are 3 types: Acoelomata, Pseudocoelomata and Enterocoelomata.
- Do the organs arrange mathematically (Geometrically) in all the animal’s body? Not yet. Amoeba (Protozoa) and sponges (Porifera) have no regular shape (irregular), but, Cnidarians possess Radial and Bi-radial symmetry, Bilateral symmetry is present in Platyheminthes, Nemathelminthes, Annelida, Arthropods & Mollusca, Hemi-Chordata and Chordates. The Echinoderms are special adults with Penta-Radial, but larvae have bilateral symmetry.
Video-Over view of …above
# All the animals do not have the same body structure or organization. WHY?
@ Because all the animals are not living in the same ecosystem!
# What is the relationship between the environment (Ecosystem) and animals?
@ Animals are adapted and shape and organize their body structure according to the influence of Physico-Chemical and Biological factors.
- Physical factors- Light, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure etc.
- Chemical factors- Oxygen, Co2, Nitrogen, Minerals and pH of water etc.
- Biological factors- symbiosis, mutualism, parasitism, predation and competition etc.